Literature Review #2

1. Literature Review
Shayla Carroll

-One of the Authors: Daniel Eisenberg

 

2. Eisenberg D., Gollust, S.E., Golberstein E., Hefner, J.L. "Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality Among University Students." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, Vol. 77, No.4, 2007, pp. 534-542.

3.  This Article did a survey, via the web, to assess the prevalence and correlates depression, anxiety, and suicidality in university students. That is, how many cases there are and what life factors are associated with each mental illness. The findings of this article showed that 15.6% of undergraduates and 13.0% of graduate students have some type of depressive or anxiety disorder. Suicidal ideation was considered by 2% of this University's students. The conclusion of this study were that students who had financial struggles were at higher risk for mental illness. The study does address some potential concerns because of non response bias, but ultimately the findings can still be concluded. Implications of this conclusion indicate the universities should address mental health issues in students who come from a lower socioeconomic background being that they are the one's most at risk. In order to keep college success rates high and diverse, this is a must.

4. This research study was conducted by a team from the University of Michigan. Daniel Eisenberg is a Stanford Graduate who is currently a professor, and also the director of the doctoral program of Health Services Organization and Policy at UM. His goal in research is to "improve understanding of how to invest effectively and efficiently in the mental health of young people."
Sarah Gollust is currently a professor at the University of Minnesota. She teachers healthy policy, and focuses on public health in politics. At the University of Minnesota is also Ezra Golberstein who is interested in health economics, mental health services and policy, health care financing and costs, and many other related fields. He received his Ph.D from University of Michigan and has done research at Harvard Medical School.  Jennifer Hefner received her Ph.D in the Health Services Organization and Policy from University of Michigan. She is interested in "primary/hospital care transformation to improve patient care and work satisfaction for providers

5. Suicidality is a word that comes up a lot that many people are not familiar with. Suicidality is the likelihood of an individual committing suicide. Depression is the feelings of persisting sadness and loss of interest. Anxiety is a constant feeling of worry/nervousness typically about the future (whereas fear is present based- anxiety is future oriented).

6. " College and university communities reach over half of each cohort of youths and thus represent opportunities to help prevent mental health problems before they occur or before they become more serious. These efforts can help counter the unfortunate reality that the average delay in seeking care for a mental illness is 8-10 years" (Eisenberg, et al., 540)

"As enrollment of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds rises, understanding and addressing their mental health needs is essential for assuring the conditions for successful educational experiences" (Eisenberg, et al., 540)

"some of the strongest associations were between generalized anxiety disorder and major depression" (Eisenberg, et al., 537)
*this quote is amazing for my paper being that I chose to do anxiety AND depression because of their high comorbidity rate.

7. This research article is a great way to start my argument. My last literature review was based off of the idea that these facts were already set and stone. Though they are, this article provides the statistical evidence necessary. I can use this article as a starting point, and use my other sources to elaborate on more specific causes, and what can be done to help. This article helps me answer the first part of my research question, which is "to what extent has anxiety and depression increased amongst college students?" I hope to find a more recent article being that this one is from 2007, but this is a great place to start. Hopefully I can find a more recent related study that shows these numbers are still on the rise.